MW 322.36 g/mol, Purity >95%. An antioxidative phenolic naturally found in plants, including safflower seed and millet grain. Inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines by LPS-stimulated human blood monocytes. It is believed that this inhibition is a result of the partial down-regulation of cytokine mRNA levels and inhibition of NF-κB activation. Ameliorates atherosclerosis in vivo, reducing lesion area in mice and rabbits. Augments fibroblast proliferation, and promotes relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro. Functions as an antioxidant, inhibiting the effects of high glucose-induced cell death, caspase-3 activation, and the overproduction of the mitochondrial superoxide.
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